SYNGAP1 유전자 변이와 관련된 뇌전증 및 지적 장애의 스펙트럼

SYNGAP1 유전자 변이와 관련된 뇌전증 및 지적 장애의 스펙트럼

Spectrum of SYNGAP1 gene mutation-related epilepsy and intellectual disability

(포스터):
Release Date : 2017. 10. 26(목)
Song Ee Youn1, Ara Ko1, Sun Ho Lee2, Young Mock Lee2, Hoon-Chul Kang1, Heung Dong Kim1 , Se Hee Kim1
Yonsei Univeresity Severance Children's Hospital Division of Pediatric Neurology1
Yonsei Univeresity Gangnam Severance Hospital Department of Pediatrics2
윤송이1, 고아라1, 이선호2, 이영목2, 강훈철1, 김흥동1 , 김세희1
연세의대 세브란스 어린이병원 소아신경과1
연세의대 강남세브란스병원 소아청소년과2

Abstract

Purpose: Mutations in the SYNGAP1 gene, which encodes the synaptic RAS-GTPase-activating protein 1, which is a protein of the post-synaptic density of glutamatergic neurons, have been reported with intellectual disability, epileptic encephalopathy or autism spectrum disorders. Our objective was to characterize the phenotype spectrum associated with SYNGAP1 mutations. Methods: We identified three patients who had de novo mutations of the SYNGAP1 gene with a customized next generation sequencing (NGS) epilepsy panel, including additionally comparison of the genetic variants in the genes of the child with those in the parents, so called trio analysis. Medical history, neuropsychiatry tests, MRI, and EEG findings were reviewed. Results: Of three patients, two had nonsense mutations and one had missense mutation. Of three, two were confirmed by trio analysis, the other nonsense mutation was not previously reported at normal population and was confirmed, although trio analysis was not performed. All of them have epileptic encephalopathy, including Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Doose syndtrome, and intellectual disability of varying degrees. It was proved that two of three patients had autism and autistic spectrum disorder. Median age of seizure onset was 28.7 month old (min.=24 month, max.=36 month). All of three patients had myoclonic seizures, including myoclonus which were described as head drops seizures by parents. One of them had absence seizures. Their interictal EEG showed generalized and multifocal epileptiform discharges. Brain MRI scans were all normal. All patients were under treatment with two or three antiepileptic drugs and their seizures were relatively well controlled. Conclusion: SYNGAP1 gene mutation can be identified in a subset of patients with epileptic encephalopathy, intellectual disability, and autism spectrum disorders.

Keywords: SYNGAP1, epileptic encephalopathy, intellectual disability